AKTIVITAS ANTIMIKROBA BUNGA PISANG (Musa spp.): TINJAUAN LITERATUR BERBASIS SENYAWA BIOAKTIF

Nia Ulfa Madani

Authors

Nia Ulfa Madani

Abstract

Banana flowers (Musa spp.) are plant parts rich in phytochemicals and contain various bioactive compounds, including phenolics, flavonoids, anthocyanins, bioactive proteins, phytosterols, triterpenoids, and dietary fiber. This review assesses the antimicrobial activity of banana flowers based on literature published between 2017 and 2025. A descriptive–qualitative analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between the bioactive compound profile and antimicrobial potential against bacteria and fungi. The findings indicate that phenolics and flavonoids are the dominant compounds contributing to antibacterial and antifungal activities, followed by protein fractions and lipophilic compounds. Reported antibacterial activity generally exhibited a stronger response against Gram-positive bacteria, with Staphylococcus aureus being the most frequently investigated model organism, while antifungal potential was observed against Aspergillus species. The proposed bioactive mechanisms include disruption of cell membrane integrity, increased permeability, enzyme inhibition, and interference with cellular metabolism. Overall, these findings suggest that banana flowers have promising potential as natural antimicrobial agents for applications in functional foods and health, although further comprehensive studies are still required.

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