Pengembangan Sistem Multisensor Berbasis IoT untuk Pemantauan Kelembapan Tanah dan Kondisi Iklim Mikro secara Real-Time pada Budidaya Cabai

Muhammad Haeru Mahendra; Abdul Hafiz

Authors

Muhammad Haeru Mahendra Prodi Teknologi Informasi, Institut Teknologi dan Kesehatan Aspirasi
Abdul Hafiz Universitas Jambi

Abstract

Chili cultivation is highly sensitive to fluctuations in soil moisture and local microclimate, while manual observation provides limited temporal resolution for irrigation decisions. This study developed and evaluated an Internet of Things (IoT)-based multisensor system for real-time monitoring of soil moisture and microclimate conditions in chili cultivation. The prototype integrates an ESP32 DevKit V1 as the processing and communication unit, a Capacitive Soil Moisture Sensor V2 for soil moisture measurement, a DHT22 for air temperature and relative humidity, and a DS18B20 for soil temperature. Sensor readings are processed locally, displayed through an LCD interface, and transmitted through a wireless network to an IoT monitoring platform. A quantitative experimental approach was used to evaluate sensor response under dry, moist, and wet soil conditions and to characterize microclimate measurements. The soil moisture tests produced mean readings of 8.33% for dry soil, 63.00% for moist soil, and 97.67% for wet soil, demonstrating clear separation among the predefined moisture classes. Soil temperature measurements ranged from 27–31 °C with a mean of 28.8 °C, while DHT22 measurements produced a mean air temperature of 29.6 °C and relative humidity of 60.6%. These results indicate that the multisensor architecture can provide continuous, interpretable environmental information for chili cultivation. The system offers a practical foundation for data-driven irrigation management and can be extended with automated actuation, cloud analytics, and predictive models. The integrated approach reduces dependence on periodic manual inspection and supports timely identification of moisture deviations early.

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