KETAHANAN TENAGA KESEHATAN DALAM TRANSFORMASI DIGITAL RUMAH SAKIT PERAN KEPEMIMPINAN ADAPTIF, KEAMANAN PSIKOLOGIS, DAN KESEJAHTERAAN PROFESIONAL

Abstract

The digital transformation of hospitals reshapes service systems, clinical coordination, documentation, and the patterns of interaction among healthcare professionals. While these changes offer greater efficiency, they also impose pressures related to adaptation, cognitive load, and professional uncertainty. This article aims to develop a conceptual framework for the resilience of healthcare professionals by examining the interrelationships between adaptive leadership, psychological safety, and professional well-being within the context of hospital technology implementation. The study employs an integrative literature review, utilizing a thematic synthesis of scientific publications, guidelines from health organizations, and relevant organizational behavior theories. The analysis maps out mechanisms such as leadership support, the courage to report errors, work autonomy, learning capacity, and the management of digital work demands. The synthesis suggests that adaptive leadership can strengthen resilience through effective communication regarding change, participatory decision-making, and the adjustment of resources. Psychological safety is identified as a condition that enables healthcare professionals to report technological obstacles, seek assistance, and learn without the fear of humiliation. Professional well-being is understood both as an outcome and as a resource that sustains engagement, safety, and the continuity of care. The proposed framework connects these three factors through team learning processes and the balancing of work demands against available resources. As this article does not involve statistical testing or primary data collection, no definitive causal relationships can be established. Its contribution lies in the formulation of research propositions, measurement indicators, and implementation recommendations that can be tested through longitudinal, multi-hospital studies. Emphasis is placed on ensuring equitable evaluation across different professions, protecting the confidentiality of reporting, and involving staff in the design of systems. These conceptual findings can serve as a foundation for developing human-centered digital transformation policies—moving beyond mere technology procurement—and can support future empirical research in Indonesia