Integrasi Algoritma dan Empati: Tinjauan Multidisiplin terhadap Batasan Etis Kecerdasan Buatan sebagai Guru Utama

Mustafa Hadil Ulya; M. Khafid Bahtiar

doi:10.55681/primer.v2i6.593

Authors

Mustafa Hadil Ulya Politeknik IDN Bogor
M. Khafid Bahtiar Politeknik IDN Bogor

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55681/primer.v2i6.593

Keywords:

kecerdasan buatan, empati buatan, batasan etis, guru digital, tinjauan multidisiplin

Abstract

Integrasi kecerdasan buatan generatif dan large language model dalam pendidikan menawarkan efisiensi penyampaian pengetahuan, tetapi sekaligus menimbulkan pertanyaan mengenai empati, agensi moral, privasi, dan ketergantungan kognitif siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan memetakan batasan etis penggunaan AI sebagai guru utama melalui tinjauan multidisiplin atas literatur yang terbit hingga Desember 2024. Penelusuran pada Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science, dan IEEE Xplore menghasilkan 2.450 dokumen awal. Setelah deduplikasi, penyaringan rentang waktu dan bahasa, serta analisis abstrak berbasis kata kunci, diperoleh 85 dokumen inti. Data dianalisis menggunakan Rayyan, Zotero, VOSviewer, Bibliometrix/Biblioshiny, dan NVivo melalui penyaringan semi-otomatis, pemetaan bibliometrik, analisis kemunculan bersama, dan analisis tematik kritis. Klaster teknologi mencakup 42% korpus, psikologi 33%, dan etika 25%. Keterkaitan yang dilaporkan antara otonomi sistem AI dan risiko degradasi empati murid mencapai skor +0,78. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa efisiensi algoritmik tidak dapat diperlakukan sebagai pengganti relasi pedagogis dan emosional manusia. AI lebih tepat ditempatkan sebagai pendukung pembelajaran dengan pengawasan, agensi moral, dan tanggung jawab manusia tetap dipertahankan.

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